|
Thailand is located at the center of the Indochina peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered to the north by Myanmar and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia and to the west by the Andaman Sea and the southern of Myanmar. Thailand has total area of 513,115 square kilometers from 5° 27' to 20° 28' north and 97° 21' to 105° 38' east (Royal Instituted, 2002). Most of Thailand climate is tropical wet and dry or savanna climate. According to the southwest monsoon from the South China Sea, the tropical cyclone and the northeast monsoon from China are influence climate of Thailand that divided into three seasons, summer, rainy season and winter. The average temperatures are 18-34 ° C and annual average rainfalls are 1,500 mm (Tourism Authority of Thailand, 2000c) Thailand is located between two biogeographical region, Indochina biogeographical region and Sunda-typical of Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo and Java biogeographical region that makes Thailand is the center of three floristic elements such as Indo-Burmese elements, Indo-Chinese element and Malesian elements. The Plant community is Thai monsoon forests, Indochina forest and Malayan forest, overall called the Tropical Dry or Deciduous Forest (Santisuk, 1989). According to Smitinand (1989) Thailand can be divided into seven floristic regions i.e. the Northern (N), North-eastern (NE), Eastern (E), Central (C), South-eastern (SE), South-western (SW), and Peninsular (PEN). van Welzen et al. (2011) divided area into four floristic regions, Peninsular Province (extending in the South-eastern), Northern Province (with extensions into the South-western and South-eastern), Eastern Province and the Central Lowlands. |
 |
